Neurotransmitter Targeted Metabolomics
Neurotransmitter Targeted Metabolomics
Comprehensive Coverage: Targeting 55 compounds
Absolute Quantitation: 55 standard curves with r>0.99
High Sensitivity: Detecting at ng/ml concentrations
Rigorous Quality Control: Ensuring data reliability
Technology Introduction of Neurotransmitters Analysis
Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers that facilitate communication between neurons and other cells, such as muscle and gland cells. They play a critical role in the nervous system, influencing mood, cognition, motor control, and various physiological functions.
Neurotransmitters exert their effects through a precise and highly regulated mechanism of action. They are released from the nerve endings into synapses (the gaps between neurons) and bind to specific receptors on the receiving neuron or target cell, which triggers a response. Afterward, they are cleared from the synapse via reuptake, enzymatic breakdown, or absorption by glial cells. This process ensures that the signaling remains transient and finely tuned, allowing for precise regulation of neural communication.
MetwareBio’s neurotransmitter-targeted metabolomics service offers absolute quantitative detection of 55 neurotransmitters using a dual-validation approach with both internal and external standards, powered by our proprietary database. This comprehensive analysis spans a broad range of neurotransmitter classes, including amino acids, amines, and cholines.
Neurotransmitters Targeted Metabolomics Service technology workflow
Technology Superiority of Neurotransmitters Analysis
Comprehensive Coverage
Targeting 55 compounds across key classes, including amino acids, amines, and cholines.
Absolute Quantitation
55 standard curves with r>0.99
High Sensitivity
Utilizes the AB QTRAP® 6500+ LC-MS/MS, enabling detection at ng/ml concentrations.
Rigorous Quality Control
Ensuring data reliability with controls like blanks, solvents, and mixed standards.
Applications of Neurotransmitters Targeted Metabolomics
Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders
Neurotransmitter-targeted metabolomics is instrumental in investigating the biochemical basis of neurological and psychiatric conditions such as depression, schizophrenia, anxiety disorders, Parkinson’s disease, and Alzheimer’s disease. By analyzing changes in neurotransmitter levels, researchers can identify biomarkers for early diagnosis, disease progression, and treatment response.
Drug Development and Toxicology
Neurotransmitter profiling is essential in drug discovery and development, particularly for drugs targeting the central nervous system (CNS). By assessing how potential drugs influence neurotransmitter pathways, metabolomics helps identify therapeutic targets, optimize drug efficacy, and predict adverse effects or neurotoxicity.
Cognitive Function and Behavior
Neurotransmitter analysis can be used to explore the biochemical underpinnings of cognitive processes such as memory, learning, and decision-making. It also plays a role in understanding how neurotransmitter imbalances contribute to behavioral changes, providing insights into conditions like attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or autism spectrum disorders (ASD).
Personalized Medicine
By profiling an individual’s neurotransmitter profile, neurotransmitter-targeted metabolomics can assist in personalized medicine approaches, optimizing treatments based on specific metabolic and neurotransmitter imbalances. This approach can improve the precision and efficacy of treatments for various neurological and psychiatric conditions.
SERVICES
Bile Acid
Oxylipin Targeted Metabolomics
Neurotransmitter Targeted Metabolomics
Steroid Hormone Targeted Metabolomics
Energy Metabolism
Tryptophan Targeted Metabolomics
Amino Acid Targeted Metabolomics
Short-Chain Fatty Acids
Plant Hormone Assay
Carotenoid Targeted Metabolomics
Anthocyanin Assay
Gibberellin Assay
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List of Metabolites
| Index | Compound | Formula | CAS No |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Tyramine | C8H11N1O | 51-67-2 |
| 2 | Tryptamine | C10H12N2 | 61-54-1 |
| 3 | 3-Methoxytyramine | C9H13N1O2 | 554-52-9 |
| 4 | Metanephrine hydrochloride | C10H15N1O3 | 881-95-8 |
| 5 | Homovanillic Acid | C9H10O4 | 306-08-1 |
| 6 | Acetylcholine | C7H16N1O2 | 51-84-3 |
| 7 | Choline | C5H14N1O | 62-49-7 |
| 8 | 3-Phenylpyruvic Acid | C9H8O3 | 156-06-9 |
| 9 | Betaine | C5H11N1O2 | 107-43-7 |
| 10 | Succinic Acid | C4H6O4 | 110-15-6 |
| 11 | Glycine | C2H5N1O2 | 56-40-6 |
| 12 | Serine | C3H7N1O3 | 56-45-1 |
| 13 | Aspartic Acid | C4H7N1O4 | 56-84-8 |
| 14 | Glutamic Acid | C5H9N1O4 | 56-86-0 |
| 15 | Leucine | C6H13N1O2 | 61-90-5 |
| 16 | Phenylalanine | C9H11N1O2 | 63-91-2 |
| 17 | Threonine | C4H9N1O3 | 72-19-5 |
| 18 | Kynurenine | C10H12N2O3 | 2922-83-0 |
| 19 | Lysine | C6H14N2O2 | 56-87-1 |
| 20 | Xanthurenic Acid | C10H7N1O4 | 59-00-7 |
| 21 | Tyrosine | C9H11N1O3 | 60-18-4 |
| 22 | Glutathione | C10H17N3O6S | 70-18-8 |
| 23 | Histidine | C6H9N3O2 | 71-00-1 |
| 24 | Arginine | C6H14N4O2 | 74-79-3 |
| 25 | Serotonin | C10H12N2O | 50-67-9 |
| 26 | … | … | … |
Contact for a full list.
Sample Requirement of Neurotransmitters Targeted Metabolomics
| Sample Class | Sample Type | Recommended Sample Size |
Minimum Sample Size |
| Liquid I | Plasma, Serum, Hemolymph, Whole Blood, Milk, Egg White | 100 μl | 20 μl |
| Liquid II | Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF), Interstitial Fluid (TIF), Uterine Fluid, Pancreatic Juice, Bile, Pleural Effusion, Follicular Fluid, Postmortem Fluid, Tissue Fluid, Culture Medium (liquid), Culture Supernatant, Tears, Aqueous Humor, Digestive Juices, Bone Marrow (liquid) | 100 μl | 20 μl |
| Liquid III | Seminal Plasma, Amniotic Fluid, Prostatic Fluid, Rumen Fluid, Respiratory Condensate, Gastric Lavage Fluid, Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid (BALF), Urine, Sweat, Saliva, Sputum | 500 μl | 100 μl |
| Tissue I | Small Animal Tissues, Placenta, Blood Clot, Mycelium, Nematode, Zebrafish (whole fish), Bone Marrow (solid), Nail | 100 mg | 50 mg |
| Tissue II | Large Animal Tissues, Whole Insect Body, Wings (of insects), Pupa, Eggs, Large Fungi (mushroom types), Large Algae (red algae), Large Amount of Mycelium/Mycelial Balls, Cartilage, Bone (solid) | 500 mg | 50 mg |
| Tissue III | Zebrafish Organs, Insect Organs, Whole Microinsect Body (e.g., Drosophila) | 20 units | 10 units |
| Solid I | Feces, Intestinal Contents, Lyophilized Fecal Powder | 200 mg | 20 mg |
| Solid II | Milk Powder, Microbial Fermentation Product (solid), Culture Medium (solid), Earwax, Lyophilized Tissue Powder, Feed, Egg Yolk, Lyophilized Plant Powder, Lyophilized Egg Powder | 100 mg | 20 mg |
| Solid III | Honey, Nasal Mucus, Sputum | 100 mg | 20 mg |
| Solid IV | Sludge, Soil | 600 mg | 300 mg |
| Cell I | Adherent Cells, Animal Cell Lines | 1×107 cells | 1×106 cells |
| Cell II | E. Coli, Yeast Cells | 1×1010 cells | 5×108 cells |
| Cell III | Small Amount of Fungal Mycelial Balls/Mycelium, Unicellular Algae (Cyanobacteria), Large Quantities of Bacterial Hyphae (sediment), Mucilaginous Protoplasmic Clusters (hyphae) | 100 mg | 20 mg |
| Organelle I | Lysosomes, Mitochondria, Endoplasmic Reticulum | 4×107 cells | 1×107 cells |
| Organelle II | Exosomes, Extracellular Vesicles | 2×109 particles | 1×109 particles |
| Special Sample I | Skin Tape or Patch | 2 pieces | 1 piece |
| Special Sample II | Test Strips | 2 pieces | 1 piece |
| Special Sample III | Swab | 1 piece | 1 piece |
Case Study
(Supported by MetwareBio’s Neurotransmitter Targeted Metabolomics Service)
Article: Engineered Selenium/Human Serum Albumin Nanoparticles for Efficient Targeted Treatment of Parkinson's Disease via Oral Gavage
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the degeneration of dopamine (DA) neurons in the midbrain substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). While existing therapeutic strategies can alleviate PD symptoms, they cannot inhibit DA neuron loss. Herein, a tailor-made human serum albumin (HSA)-based selenium nanosystem (HSA/Se nanoparticles, HSA/Se NPs) to treat PD that can overcome the intestinal epithelial barrier (IEB) and blood–brain barrier (BBB) is described. HSA, a transporter for drug delivery, has superior biological characteristics that make it an ideal potential drug delivery substance. Findings reveal that HSA/Se NPs have lower toxicity and higher efficacy than other selenium species and the ability to overcome the IEB and BBB to enrich DA neurons, which then protect MN9D cells from MPP+-induced neurotoxicity and ameliorate both behavioral deficits and DA neuronal death in MPTP-model mice. Thus, a therapeutic drug delivery system composed of orally gavaged HSA/Se NPs for the treatment of PD is described.
Reference
Xu K, Huang P, Wu Y, et al. Engineered Selenium/Human Serum Albumin Nanoparticles for Efficient Targeted Treatment of Parkinson's Disease via Oral Gavage. ACS Nano. 2023;17(20):19961-19980. https://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/acsnano.3c05011
SERVICES
Bile Acid
Oxylipin Targeted Metabolomics
Neurotransmitter Targeted Metabolomics
Steroid Hormone Targeted Metabolomics
Energy Metabolism
Tryptophan Targeted Metabolomics
Amino Acid Targeted Metabolomics
Short-Chain Fatty Acids
Plant Hormone Assay
Carotenoid Targeted Metabolomics
Anthocyanin Assay
Gibberellin Assay
WHAT'S NEXT IN OMICS: THE METABOLOME
Please submit a detailed description of your project. We will provide you with a customized project plan metabolomics services to meet your research requests. You can also send emails directly to support-global@metwarebio.com for inquiries.
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